Ingrown toenails occur when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin, typically on the sides of the toe. This condition often manifests as redness, swelling, and tenderness around the affected nail. As the toenail continues to press into the skin, it can cause significant pain and discomfort, particularly when wearing tight shoes or engaging in activities that put pressure on the toes.

In more severe cases, the affected area can become infected, leading to increased pain, pus, and a more pronounced swelling. The constant irritation and potential infection can interfere with daily activities, making walking and wearing shoes difficult. Patients may experience symptoms such as throbbing pain and sensitivity in the toe, which can progressively worsen if not treated. Treatment often involves careful trimming of the toenail, wearing properly fitting footwear, and, if necessary, medical intervention to remove part of the nail or address infection to alleviate pain and prevent recurrence.