​Flat feet, or fallen arches, occur when the arches of the feet collapse, causing the entire sole to come into contact with the ground. This condition can manifest in a variety of ways, from mild to severe, and often leads to noticeable changes in the way a person walks. When the arches fall, it alters the alignment and distribution of weight across the feet, which can result in increased strain on the muscles and ligaments. This misalignment may cause discomfort and pain in the feet, particularly in the arch and heel areas.

The impact of flat feet extends beyond just discomfort. It can lead to problems in other parts of the body due to the altered biomechanics. For instance, excessive pronation, where the foot rolls inward too much, can contribute to issues such as shin splints, knee pain, and lower back pain. The lack of proper arch support can also lead to a higher risk of developing conditions like plantar fasciitis, where the tissue along the bottom of the foot becomes inflamed. Therefore, addressing flat feet with appropriate footwear, orthotics, or exercises is important for managing symptoms and maintaining overall foot health.